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Computer software (or simply software) is the programs and procedures that enable a computer to perform a specific task, as opposed to the physical components of the system (hardware). This includes application software such as a word processor, which enables a user to perform a task, and system software such as an operating system, which enables other software to run properly, by interfacing with hardware and with other software.
The term "software" was first used in this sense by John W. Tukey in 1957. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs and data. The concept of reading different sequences of instructions into the memory of a device to control computations was invented by Charles Babbage as part of his difference engine. The theory that is the basis for most modern software was first proposed by Alan Turing in his 1935 essay Computable numbers with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem. Hally, Mike (2005:79). Electronic brains/Stories from the dawn of the computer age. British Broadcasting Corporation and Granta Books, London. ISBN 1-86-207663-4.
Relationship to hardware
Computer software is so called in contrast to computer hardware, which encompasses the physical interconnections and devices required to store and execute (or run) the software. In computers, software is loaded into RAM and executed in the central processing unit. At the lowest level, software consists of a machine language specific to an individual processor. A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions (object code), which change the state of the computer from its preceding state. Software is an ordered sequence of instructions for changing the state of the computer hardware in a particular sequence. It is generally written in high-level programming languages that are easier and more efficient for humans to use (closer to natural language) than machine language. High-level languages are compiled or interpreted into machine language object code. Software may also be written in an assembly language, essentially, a mnemonic representation of a machine language using a natural language alphabet. Assembly language must be assembled into object code via an assembler. More on [ Computer software ]
Veteran Developer Ditches Microsoft For Open Source
Thu, 24 Jul 2008 15:30:41 -0000
Linux.com: "If you've ever used Microsoft Access or Excel, you have likely used a product that Mike Gunderloy had a hand in developing. The irony is that Gunderloy himself doesn't use those products anymore. He's given up Microsoft for open source -- and he's not going back."
No Excuses -- Encrypt All Laptops
Thu, 24 Jul 2008 15:00:41 -0000
Network World: "Is it inexcusable to have laptops in the field with unencrypted hard drives? With such new open source solutions as TrueCrypt, there are few excuses left: All laptops must be fully encrypted."
Hackers Start to Target Apple Macs
Thu, 24 Jul 2008 14:30:41 -0000
TimesOnline: ""I think the Mac user base will end up becoming polluted by some of the same people who have been infected time and time again in the Windows environment,” Mr Cluley says. “It's mainly the same people who buy a computer primarily to download porn and visit file-sharing sites.""
Survey: Vista Adoption Weakens, as IT Pros Eye Apple
Thu, 24 Jul 2008 14:00:41 -0000
Redmondmag: "Some respondents (42 percent) said they were considering alternative operating systems to Windows Vista. The Macintosh operating system was the favored alternative by 29 percent of respondents. Linux-based operating systems were also in the running, but trailed. More IT professionals reported challenges managing non-Windows operating systems in this survey, with 65 percent citing a need for expertise vs. 49 percent in 2007."
Computers With Ubuntu Coming to All Major Retail Stores
Thu, 24 Jul 2008 13:30:41 -0000
The VAR Guy: "Essentially, all major computer retail stores will carry computers with Ubuntu pre-installed by the end of 2008 or early 2009, predicted a Canonical manager who met with The VAR Guy at OSCON. But this isn’t another Linux desktop PC story. In this case, the computers are Netbooks (also known as sub-notebooks)."
What Happens When Open Source Turns Out to be Better? Much Better?
Thu, 24 Jul 2008 13:00:41 -0000
The Open Road: "This is the future of open source. Not code that just happens to be free, but code that just so happens to be better."
VMware - VMWare allows Windows to run under Linux or Linux under Windows NT/2000 without rebooting. The technology uses virtual machines to allow Windows programs to run as if they were in a Windows environment.
Meta Description: [ VMware is the global leader in virtualization software, providing desktop and server virtualization products for virtual infrastructure solutions. ]
Applix Inc - Applix offers customer interaction software (CIS), real-time decision support, and office productivity solutions.
Meta Description: [ Applix provides Business Performance Management software for budgeting software, forecasting software and planning software based upon TM1 an OLAP server. ]
Arkeia - Excellent backup software for Linux.
BRU 2000 Backup Software - BRU 2000 Backup and Restore Utility for Unix and Linux, and the new QuickStart Data Rescue products for ALL PC Operating Systems.
Meta Description: [ Home of BRU, BRU LE, and BRU Server. Backup and Recovery solutions for Mac OS X, Unix, and Linux systems. ]
Bynari Canada - Providing insight server software and technical support for Linux through affiliate consultants and toll-free per-incident call-center support.
Meta Description: [ Bynari offers an enterprise email server that scales from Intel platforms to IBM mainframes, providing world-class reliability f ]
Cyberfarer - CD-ROM based Internet Server for small to medium sized business. Emphasis is on ease of use.
Das Technology - Produces LSP, that migrates NT to Linux, and provides a GUI on Linux similar to NT.
EnFlex Networks and Gateways - Data on the business case, hardware, and software descriptions for a wide range of Linux based gateways, data acquisition and control systems.
Meta Description: [ Gateway for connecting energy systems to enterprise IT networks ]
GreyTrout Software - NExS (Network Extensible Spreadsheet) is an interactive spreadsheet designed specifically for the X Window/Motif environment.
Meta Description: [ GreyTrout's NExS application delivers a rich and powerful X-Window spreadsheet environment for Linux and Solaris. ]
MpegTV - MpegTV develops and licenses advanced MPEG software technology for Linux and Unix. MpegTV Player, Plugin and SDK available.
Meta Description: [ MpegTV develops and licenses advanced MP3 and MPEG video software technology for Windows, WinCE, Mac, Linux, Solaris, Unix etc. ]
Orbit Software - ORBiT Software provides backup software, UNiBACK, for MPE, Linux, and NT, specializing in managing information with backup, compression and distributed access products.
Meta Description: [ Specializing in managing your information with backup, scheduling and migration tools. ]
Portland Group, The - Compilers and development tools
Meta Description: [ High-performance Fortran, C, and C++ compilers and tools for high-end computing systems and X86 processor-based workstations, servers, and clusters ]
Simco International - Offers solutions and develops software for the Linux platform. Includes details about the services and products available and contact information. Located in Romania.
Meta Description: [ Develops cost effective softwares for Petroleum Industry (Windows and Linux platform). ]
Solid Information Technology Ltd - Provides a distributed data management platform for applications like network infrastructure management and control and mobile data collection. Includes support for native JDBC, ODBC and ANSI SQL.
Meta Description: [ Solid makes carrier-grade relational database management software which forms the foundation for building real-time, distributed applications that need data to be always on and as available as the dial-tone. ]
The Hungry Programmers - Software includes a Java interpreter, chess game, word processor, and display manager.
Tummy.com, ltd. - XVScan: Scanning software for Unix and Linux, works with HP ScanJet scanners.
Meta Description: [ tummy.com is a Linux and Open
Source Consulting company based in Colorado. ]
Walnut Creek CDROM - Slackware Linux and software for Linux.
Meta Description: [ Simtel is one of the largest software download sites, featuring free downloads of shareware, freeware, trialware and demo software, games, tools and utilities. ]
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Win4Lin - Allows running Windows 95/98 or MS-DOS on Linux. Supports most Windows applications including MS Office.
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