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In graphical computing, a desktop environment (DE, sometimes desktop manager) offers a graphical user interface (GUI) to the computer. The name is derived from the desktop metaphor used by most of these interfaces, as opposed to the earlier, textual command line interfaces. A DE typically provides icons, folders, toolbars, applications, applets, wallpapers and abilities like drag and drop. As a whole, the particularities of design and function of a desktop environment endow it with a distinctive look and feel.

It is often said that people who use GUI's are "wimps". This is spread about by users who only use a CLI. The term "wimp" is short for "Windows, Icons, Menu's and Pointers". The statement implys that people who use CLI's are better than those who stick to GUI's, and is thought to originate from when Windows changed over from DOS to Microsoft Windows 95.

The desktop environments for the popular proprietary operating systems Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X are, in their intended use, relatively unalterable. This assures a consistent user experience. However, there are alternative themes and third-party software that can completely change both the appearance of common interface elements (such as windows, buttons and icons) and the interface model itself. In Windows, this is accomplished by replacing the default Explorer shell.

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Alternative Linux Desktop Environment - Provides C++/Java application framework.
Meta Description: [ The world's largest development and download repository of Open Source code and applications ]

arm0nia project - A group of projects that are intended to make Unix more powerful and friendly by creating a desktop environment based on plugins.

DesktopX - Extends Windows desktop to support true objects (can be anything) instead of passive icons, use one by one, or mix together to form themes; build your own desktop interface, even if not a programmer. [Stardock Corporation, Inc.]
Meta Description: [ DesktopX is a desktop enhancement utility designed specifically for Microsoft Windows.  It integrates seamlessly into the operating system giving Windows a host of new features. ]

DeXtop - GUI for Unix workstations, now runs on Linux, is Common Desktop Environment (CDE) from The Open Group, based on OpenMotif 2.2.1. Runs on all Accelerated-X brand of X servers, and other X-compliant X servers. [Commercial]
Meta Description: [ CDE desktop is industry standard for UNIX systems. Competes with Gnome2. RENDER estension in Accelerated-X works to produce anit-aliased fonts. ]

EDE - Equinox Desktop Environment - Main goals of this project are simplicity, speed, minimal memory usage (if possible), good look and fell and stability. That does not mean it will be for 8086. It's FLTK-based.

foXdesktop - Lightweight desktop environment, uses Fox multiplatform C++ widget set. [Open Source, LGPL]

Future GUIs - News of OS, GUI, software, related hardware developments. Updates irregularly, often interesting tidbits.
Meta Description: [ Your link to today's and tomorrow's desktop GUI ]

GUIdebook - A website dedicated to preserving and showcasing as many Graphical User Interfaces as possible. Lots of screenshots and icons.
Meta Description: [ GUIdebook: Graphical User Interface gallery ]

Hooray for Bluecurve - Article praises, analyses Red Hat's new user interface in their Linux 8.0. [Linux Review]

The Definitive Desktop Environment Comparison - Compares UI and usability of several desktop environments (DEs) that are widely used, admired, reviled: Windows XP Luna, BeOS 6 (Dano/Zeta), Mac OS X Aqua, Unix KDE and GNOME. Large article with many forum comments. [OSNews.com]
Meta Description: [ OSNews.com informs you about the latest news on a vast range of operating systems, from the well-known mainstream OSes, down to small embedded (but also very interesting technically) ones. ]

The GPE Palmtop Environment - A project whose aim is to provide a Free Software GUI environment for Palmtop/Handheld computers running the GNU/Linux operating system.

The GUI Gallery - Surprisingly large and thorough Graphical User Interface list, with timeline, screenshots, downloads, links. Very useful resource for students of computer interfaces.

XFce - Lightweight desktop environment for various Unix systems, easy to use and configure, fast, XFce 3 is based on GTK+. Description, downloads, screenshots, links, credits. [Open Source, GPL]
Meta Description: [ Xfce is a lightweight graphical desktop environment for various linux systems ]

Xfce Desktop Environment - Runs on FreeBSD, Linux, SunOS/Solaris; English, French, German. Description, downloads, CVS, screenshots, bug reports, fora. [Open Source, GPL; SourceForge.net]
Meta Description: [ The world's largest development and download repository of Open Source code and applications ]

XPde - A desktop environment(XPde) and a window manager(XPwm) for Linux. It tries to make easier for Windows XP users to use a Linux box. Nothing more, no clipboard compatibility between Gtk and Qt applications, no emulation of Windows applications, no unification on the widgets of X applications, just a desktop environment and a window manager. [Open source, GPL]
Meta Description: [ XP-like desktop environment ]

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