Gourt > Computers > Programming > Languages > Smalltalk (19)
Smalltalk is an object-oriented, dynamically typed, reflective programming language designed at Xerox PARC by Alan Kay, Dan Ingalls, Ted Kaehler, Adele Goldberg, and others during the 1970s, influenced by Sketchpad and Simula. The language was generally released as Smalltalk-80 and has been widely used since. Smalltalk is in continuing active development, and has gathered a loyal community of users around it.
History
Smalltalk was invented by a group of researchers led by Alan Kay at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center; Alan Kay designed the system, which Dan Ingalls implemented. The first implementation, known as Smalltalk-71, was created in a few mornings on a bet that a programming language based on the idea of message passing inspired by Simula could be implemented in "a page of code". A later version actually used for research work is now known as Smalltalk-72. Its syntax and execution model were very different from modern Smalltalk, so much so that it could be considered a different language.
After significant revisions which froze some aspects of executional semantics to gain performance, the version known as Smalltalk-76 was created. This version added inheritance, featured syntax much closer to Smalltalk-80, and had a development environment featuring most of the tools now familiar to Smalltalkers.
Smalltalk-80 added metaclasses, something which helps keep the "everything is an object" statement true by associating properties and behavior with individual classes (for example, to support different ways of creating instances). Smalltalk-80 was the first version made available outside of PARC, first as Smalltalk-80 Version 1, given to a small number of companies (Hewlett-Packard, Apple Computer, Tektronix, and DEC) and universities (UC Berkeley) for "peer review" and implementation on their platforms. Later (in 1983) a general availability implementation, known as Smalltalk-80 Version 2, was released as an image (platform-independent file with object definitions) and a virtual machine specification.
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Comparison and Review :: Languages
Object Oriented :: Garbage Collected
Bytecode :: Interpreted
Language OS Hybrids :: Languages
Class based :: Object Oriented
Pure :: Object Oriented
Objective C :: Languages
Open Source :: Languages
Reflective :: Languages
Ruby :: Languages
Extensible :: Operating Systems
Object Oriented :: Operating Systems
Reflective :: Operating Systems
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2002 Dr. Dobb's Excellence in Programming Awards - To Adele Goldberg, Dan Ingalls, pioneers of object-oriented programming, and Smalltalk language and development environment. As researchers at Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), each saw in their own way the promise of objects, and was in a unique position to put theory into practice in an architecture based on objects at all levels. [Dr. Dobb's Journal]
Meta Description: [ Since 1995, Dr. Dobb's Journal has presented its Excellence in Programming Award to individuals who, in the spirit of innovation and cooperation, have made significant contributions to the advancement of software development.Adele Goldberg and Dan Ingalls are pioneers in object-oriented programmi... ]
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Meta Description: [ Smalltalk - An operating system and object-oriented programming language that was developed at Xerox PARC. ]
Corporate Smalltalk Consulting Ltd. - Nearly 500 pages of Smalltalk: experience, real world experiences, stories, OOPLSA trip reports, information on Smalltalk garbage collection theory, directory for consultants.
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Design Principles Behind Smalltalk - By Dan Ingalls. Centerpiece article from the historic Smalltalk special issue, which sets out the main philosophy and principles of the system in terms any intelligent person can understand. [BYTE magazine]
Hello, World program - Smalltalk
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Instantiations - Contains product downloads, literature, related links, purchase details, and free Smalltalk products.
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OOPSLA'96 Electronic Information Hotline - 11th Annual ACM Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages, and Applications.
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Meta Description: [ Interest in decades-old programming language grows as developers use it for Web applications ]
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Meta Description: [ Interest in decades-old programming language grows as developers use it for Web applications ]
| A short video on the Cincom Smalltalk Code Browser. This is the first of a short series on this ... smalltalk software+ ... | |
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