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Gartner Revises Server Share Numbers
Thu, 03 Jul 2008 18:43:24 -0400
Gartner revised its first quarter numbers and found that IBM actually beat out Hewlett-Packard in server revenue....
Who Is Running The Most Secure Browser?
Thu, 03 Jul 2008 14:03:13 -0400
Many users are undoubtedly not updating their browsers as quickly as they should, but you can't conclude any specifics about that from the recent study of Google logs....
DOJ Sued Over Cell Phone Tracking Practices
Wed, 02 Jul 2008 17:08:34 -0400
Civil liberties groups claim the Justice Department is bypassing warrants to obtain real-time tracking information on U.S. citizens....
Microsoft Internet Explorer Security Strikes Back
Wed, 02 Jul 2008 17:03:53 -0400
Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 Beta 2 security builds on the Phishing Filter of IE 7 and thwarts cross-site scripting....
IBM Helps Link POS to the Back Office
Wed, 02 Jul 2008 16:50:30 -0400
IBM and Epicor jointly release an offering that centrally manages and supports POS....

The Seattle Times: Business & Technology

Pack the plastic; Alaska Airlines goes cashless
Thu, 03 Jul 2008 22:17:17 -0700
Alaska Airlines will no longer accept cash for in-flight purchases.
Pocket Armrest seeks to become the next neck pillow
Thu, 03 Jul 2008 22:09:44 -0700
Serial entrepreneur Matt Mostad, of Kenmore, comes up with an idea for traveler's aide while sitting in a cramped airplane seat.
Chevrolet may introduce a mini to U.S.
Thu, 03 Jul 2008 22:12:00 -0700
General Motors is considering a new Chevrolet minicar for the U.S. as it reworks its product lineup to cope with a dramatic shift from trucks to cars that is linked to high gas prices, a spokesman said Thursday.

NYT > Technology

Bits: Google Puts Privacy Link on Main Page
Fri, 04 Jul 2008 18:08:11 -0000
The move brings Google into clear compliance with a California law that requires many Internet sites to have a link to their privacy policy on their home page.
Google Told to Turn Over User Data of YouTube
Fri, 04 Jul 2008 04:30:23 -0000
The order raised concerns that the online video viewing habits of tens of millions of people could be exposed.
Bits: What Is Facebook Worth? (Part 37)
Fri, 04 Jul 2008 15:43:10 -0000
A document in the settled Facebook ConnectU litigation reveals that Facebook’s common shares are worth a quarter of the value of the stock Microsoft purchased when it invested in the social network.

CNN.com - Technology

Stealing ideas from nature
Fri, 04 Jul 2008 10:01:21 -0400
When self-confessed "nature nerd" Janine Benyus coined the term "biomimicry" in a book she published a decade ago, little did she know it would make her a household name, rubbing shoulders with Hollywood stars.
Faked tiger photo sparks Web furor
Fri, 04 Jul 2008 14:23:49 -0400
Read full story for latest details.
Tunguska blast still a mystery 100 years on
Fri, 04 Jul 2008 10:17:51 -0400
It produced a blast hundreds of times stronger than the Hiroshima bomb, was seen hundreds of miles away and narrowly missed obliterating an entire city -- but 100 years to the week after the mysterious explosion in Siberia, no one is any closer to understanding what caused it.

NPR Topics: Technology

We Know What You've Been Watching on YouTube
Fri, 04 Jul 2008 13:13:00 -0400
A court has ordered Google to turn over a database that links users to every video they've watched on the popular Web site YouTube. Jennifer Urban, director of the University of Southern California Intellectual Property and Technology Law Clinic, says the ruling has big implications for online privacy.
Twitter, What Are You Doing? Co-Founder Tells All
Thu, 03 Jul 2008 10:51:00 -0400
Twitter.com has so many new users that the Web site keeps crashing. Meanwhile, Twitter engineers are taking popular features away for retooling. It's a painful process, but co-founder Biz Stone has a plan.
Free Speech In China? Text Me
Wed, 02 Jul 2008 17:21:00 -0400
Hundreds of millions of people in China have cell phones, and with no voice mail, many turn to text messaging to make sure their messages get conveyed. Texting remains one of the few outlets for free speech in a country notorious for its censorship practices.

BBC News | Technology | UK Edition

Google 'faces Street View block'
Fri, 04 Jul 2008 07:56:34 -0000
Google's plans to launch a mapping tool in the UK could be referred to the Information Commissioner.
Warning letters to 'file-sharers'
Thu, 03 Jul 2008 17:41:04 -0000
The music industry says thousands of UK broadband users who share tracks illegally will be warned about it in letters.
Google must divulge YouTube log
Thu, 03 Jul 2008 20:19:53 -0000
Google must divulge the viewing habits of every user who has ever watched avideo on YouTube, says a US court.

Reuters Video: Technology

Japan asks: anybody out there?
Fri, 04 Jul 2008 12:02:00 -0400
Jul. 4 - Japan's biggest astronomical observatories are teaming up for a fresh quest to find out if there is life in outer space.
Reuters Technology Week
Thu, 03 Jul 2008 19:52:38 -0400
Jul. 3 - The robo-bartender, virtual haute couture, and global leaders ride hydrogen style.
Robo barman pulls first pint
Thu, 03 Jul 2008 09:03:25 -0400
Jul. 3 - Billed as the world's first robot barman, Mr Asahi pulls the crowds at London's Selfridges department store.

AP Top Technology News At 6:44 p.m. EDT

Court orders YouTube to give Viacom video logs
By ANICK JESDANUN Fri, 04 Jul 2008 11:52:13 -0000
NEW YORK (AP) -- Dismissing privacy concerns, a federal judge overseeing a $1 billion copyright-infringement lawsuit against YouTube has ordered the popular online video-sharing service to disclose who watches which video clips and when....
2 teens attacked in town mocked in YouTube videos
Fri, 04 Jul 2008 22:44:12 -0000
DOVER, N.Y. (AP) -- Two teenagers who drove to Oniontown after a series of YouTube videos portrayed the hamlet as a run-down, backwoods dump were pelted with rocks by an angry group of young residents, authorities said....
Internet addressing agency loses its own addresses
Thu, 03 Jul 2008 20:57:41 -0000
NEW YORK (AP) -- This doesn't sound good: The nonprofit agency in charge of the Internet's addresses recently lost track of its own....

CNET News.com

Ask.com closes Dictionary.com deal
Fri, 04 Jul 2008 14:52:00 -0700
Fourth-ranked search engine completes its acquisition of the parent company of Dictionary.com, Thesaurus.com, and Reference.com.
1 euro eBay baby goes home
Fri, 04 Jul 2008 13:37:00 -0700
Parents had put their baby boy up for sale on eBay--apparently as a joke--but German authorities didn't find it particularly amusing.
VeriSign names interim CEO
Fri, 04 Jul 2008 12:02:00 -0700
Company's founder takes the place of the CEO and president, who resigned abruptly earlier this week.

 

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File I/O - Small-scale benchmark test run on 9 languages or variants: Java 1.3.1 and 1.4.2, C via gcc 3.3.1, Python 2.3.2 and via Psyco 1.1.1, 4 from Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 2003: Visual Basic/C#/C++/J#.
Meta Description: [ OSNews.com informs you about the latest news on a vast range of operating systems, from the well-known mainstream OSes, down to small embedded (but also very interesting technically) ones. ]

Project - List of the famous Hello, World! programming teaching program, in hundreds of different languages.

1% the Code - Compares colorForth and C: Chuck Moore, father of Forth, expects colorForth applications to need only 1% the code of C programs. No code samples.

99 Bottles of Beer on the Wall - Shows source code implementation for the same simple program across over 250 different programming languages.
Meta Description: [ The song '99 bottles of beer' programmed in more than 600 different programming languages, from APL to BASIC, to Brainfuck, INTERCAL, FORTRAN, C++ or Java... This project is similiar to the Rosetta stone ]

A Comparative Overview of C# - Also compares C#, Java, C++. By Ben Albahari.
Meta Description: [ Comparison between C#, Java, C++ and J++. ]

A Comparison of C++, FORTRAN 90 and Oberon-2 for Scientific Programming - The report concludes by a personal assessment of the three languages with respect to the numerical context. By Bernd Mösli. The reader's experience in scientific programming in C or FORTRAN would be advantageous.

Accumulator Generator - Compares canonical solutions to same problem as code samples in: C++, Dylan, E, Erlang, Haskell, JavaScript, Lisp (Arc, Common, Goo, Scheme), Lua, Maple, Mathematica, Oz-Mozart, NewtonScript, Perl, Python, REBOL, Ruby, Smalltalk, VBScript. [Paul Graham]

Ada 95, Java, and C++ - Some think Java is like C++. Usual C++ idioms do not apply to Java as it is not a C++ superset or subset; Java is a derivation with many modifications, extensions. Both language syntax are alike, but semantics and philosophy are very different. Java is nearer Ada 95 than C++, except in syntax.

500 Ada Versus Modula-3 - Compares similarities and differences, by user of both languages.

Ada, C, C++, and Java vs. The Steelman - Compares 4 programming languages (Ada 95, C, C++, Java) with the needs of Steelman, original 1978 requirements document for Ada language. Big detailed table.

Advanced Programming Language Design - Book compares over 70 languages, and main classes: imperative, functional, object-oriented, dataflow, concurrent, declarative, aggregate. By Raphael Finkel, Addison-Wesley.

An Empirical Comparison of C, C++, Java, Perl, Python, Rexx, and Tcl - By Lutz Prechelt. Neutral, quantitative analysis of 7 languages in title, for 7 variables, via 80 implementations of the same requirement set. PDF format. [IEEE Computer]

An Empirical Comparison of C, C++, Java, Perl, Python, Rexx, and Tcl for a Search/string-processing Program - One set of requirements, 80 implementations, coded by 74 different programmers in various languages, compared for properties: run time, memory use, source text length, comment density, program structure, reliability, effort needed.

An Interactive Historical Roster of Computer Languages - Encyclopedia of over 8,000 languages, full verified references, code samples, big bibliography, biographical-institutional material, 4,000 language family tree.

Are Scripting Languages the Wave of the Future? - Programming guru, Robert Martin, on languages of the coming decade. [ITworld.com]
Meta Description: [ For 30 years, programming guru Robert Martin has worked at the center of modern programming practice. His concerns have been exactly those of the silent majority of professional developers. Read ITworld.com's readers' questions to him about what the future has in store. ]

ASP vs. PHP - Brief text compares website building languages ASP, PHP on several points. [WebProNews]
Meta Description: [ When building web sites, ASP and PHP are very popular languages. Here's my opinion on whether ASP or PHP is best. ]

Benchmark Execution Speed of LabVIEW Applications - Compares 2 LabVIEW versions with C: brief text, 1 table. [National Instruments]
Meta Description: [ LabVIEW is a highly productive graphical development environment with the performance and flexibility of a programming language, as well as high-level functionality and configuration utilities designed specifically for measurement and automation applications. ]

Beyond Java? - Compares Java and Dylan, with examples from building two CORBA IDL compilers. Topics include: multiple inheritance, multi-argument dispatch, unified object model, extensible syntax. Several code examples.
Meta Description: [ Enterprise Web Application Solution e-TEST Suite - Download Free Trial! ]

C# from a Java Developer's Perspective - Thorough article by Dare Obasanjo, treats most similarities and differences between the two languages: features in Java and not in C#, and features in C# and not in Java. Text, tables, code, resources.

C# Strikes a Chord - Compares 4 languages: C, C++, C#, Java. Shows family genealogy. [Dr. Dobb's Journal]
Meta Description: [ When Microsoft recently announced its new programming language, C# (that's C-Sharp), industry watchers immediately started speculating about the pedigree of the proposed language. Was it the son of Java? Or a closer relation to its C++ cousin in Visual Studio? The official line from Microsoft is ... ]

C#: A Language Alternative or Just J--?, Part 1 - Compares C# to Java, describes features and design trade-offs, places C# in context of broader Microsoft .Net strategy. Text, tables, code samples, links. By Mark Johnson. First article of 2-part series. [JavaWorld]
Meta Description: [ Early this summer, Microsoft caused a huge media splash by preannouncing .Net, a new distributed application framework. Integral to .Net is a new language called C#, which initially appears highly similar to Java. This article, the first in a two-part series, compares C# to Java -- describing lan... ]

C++ Java Python Ruby Side by Side Code Comparison - Extensive insightful comments on essay: C++ vs. Java vs. Python vs. Ruby: A First Impression. [digg]
Meta Description: [ Digg is a place for people to discover and share content from anywhere on the web. From the biggest online destinations to the most obscure blog, Digg surfaces the best stuff as voted on by our users ]

C++ vs. Java vs. Python vs. Ruby: A First Impression - Essay compares aspects of the languages, one page allows matched comparing of code of a red-black tree algorithm in each language.

C++??: A Critique of C++ (3rd ed.) - A critical view on the C++ and C programming language.
Meta Description: [ ATLAS Offline Computing, Error, Page not found ]

CLOS, Eiffel, and Sather: A Comparison - Comprehensive, many references; zipped Postscript, inlined gifs.

Comparing Development Costs of C and Ada - Article by Stephen F. Zeigler. Analysis of a case where most variables were controlled enough to make a comparison between development costs (time, error rates, code size, ...) of the 2 languages.

Comparing Mercury and Haskell - Compares type systems, all text. Uses Haskell 98 since Mercury type system is more like Haskell than ML, and Haskell 98 is best documented, most well-known Haskell.

Comparing PHP with Other Languages - Text compares several traits of ASP.NET, C#, PHP, Java, Lisp, Perl, Python, Ruby, Smalltalk. Article with forum posts. [Professional PHP]

Comparing Python and Ruby - Informal experiment on different look of Python and Ruby edit-distance programs; text, tables, download files.

Comparison of Oberon-2 with Modula-2 - Short text summary of main features of Oberon-2; target audience: Modula-2 programmers unfamiliar with Oberon-2, but familiar with object-oriented and extensible programming concepts.
Meta Description: [ This is a short summary of the main features offered by the programming language Oberon-2. The target audience is the Modula-2 programmer unfamiliar with Oberon-2, but familiar with object-oriented and extensible programming concepts. ]

Comparisons of Tcl with Other Systems - Many comparisons between Tcl/Tk and other similar systems, most copied from comp.lang.tcl.

Contrast Ruby and Other Languages - Ruby vs Perl, Python, Tcl, Java, Eiffel, C++. Very short.

D vs Other Languages - Yes-No table with definitions compares D, C, C++, C#, Java, on: GC, functions, arrays, OOP, performance, reliability, compatibility, conditional compiling. [Digital Mars]
Meta Description: [ D Programming Language ]

Developer's Dilemma: Perl or PHP? - By Joe Zonker Brockmeier. How to choose between two languages that are both very popular for Web development? Text, forum comments. [NewsFactor]
Meta Description: [ PHP made headlines when Yahoo ]

404 Does C# Measure Up? - Compares 6 aspects of .NET, C#, C, C++, D, Java; in text, tables. Format: 2 articles as one PDF download. [Windows Developer Network]
Meta Description: [ Software tools and techniques for global software development. Dr. Dobb's features articles, source code, blogs,forums,video tutorials, and audio podcasts, as well as articles from Dr. Dobb's Journal, BYTE.com, C/C++ Users Journal, and Software Development magazine. ]

Dylan Competitive Analysis - Compares Dylan, Smalltalk, Objective-C, C/C++. Long document.

Examples of Programs in Different Programming Languages - Compares 129 (or 157?) languages, via 418 code samples, and growing.
Meta Description: [ program-examples (e.g.. Hello World, faculty) in different (programming-) languages ]

Fortran 90 vs. Ada 95 - Compares Ada 95 to Fortran 90 via code samples, text. Well reasoned and written, many examples. Finds Ada equal or better than Fortran in all aspects but one marginal trait.

Four-fold Increase in Productivity and Quality - Published internal study, of Ericsson AXD 301 ATM switch project, using Erlang, C, C++, Java. Results: programmer productivity, code error rates, roughly proportional to source code size.

Gnat and Linux: C++ and Java Under Fire - Compares Ada, Java, C, C++, Delphi. Text, tables. Gnat and Linux orientation. [Linux Gazette]

Guidelines for Choosing a Computer Language: Support for the Visionary Organizations - Multipage study compares: 4GL/5GL, 3GL (Ada 95, C, C++, COBOL, FORTRAN, Java, Smalltalk), 2GL (Assembly). Divides language (definition) from traits of products that implement and support it. Several sections, tables, appendixes.

500 hart(s) - Links, and table comparing Ruby, Objective-C, Smalltalk-80 (old), SmallScript (Smalltalk-98 dialect), JavaScript 2.0 (ECMA Script), C#, C++, Java, Python, CLOS.

History and Comparison of Programming Languages - Files compare statements in several different languages, tracing from early to present languages.

404 How Does Ruby Compare With Python? - By John Dell'Aquila. Text description, no code samples, Ruby Garden FAQ entry from comp.lang.python post.

404 How Does Ruby Compare With Python? - Short text comparison.

In Search of the Ideal Programming Language - Article by Sergey Polak. Review and comparison programming languages in search expressive, extensible, readable, safe, portable language.

Inferno/Limbo vs. JavaOS/Java - A small overview of the differences between Inferno/Limbo and JavaOS/Java.

Io Comparisons - Compares a few variables (size, speed, syntax) in many languages: Brain, C, Cel, F-Script, Forth (gForth, pForth), Icon, Java (Kaffe), Lisp (CLisp, Guile, LispMe, Scheme48), Lua, Perl, Pike, Python, Ruby, Self, Smalltalk (GNU, Squeak, SuperCollider), Tcl.

Is .NET's 'C' Sharper Than C++ or Java? - By Joe Zonker Brockmeier. Text compares a few aspects of C#, Java, C++. [NewsFactor]
Meta Description: [ "Java grew out of a research language and values purity highly," Microsoft ]

Is Ada a Better C? - Compares Ada, C, C++, language facilities under DOS. Copy of article, originally titled Ada Better Than C++? Text and code samples. [EXE magazine]

Is Turing a Better Language for Teaching Programming than Pascal? - Compares Turing to Pascal, long text document, no tables or graphs; by Jacqueline L. Martin, 1996, many references.

Java and C++ Resource Management Comparison - Detailed discussion of the techniques used in Java and C++ to implement leak free and exception safe resource management. Covers memory management, finalizers, destructors and finally blocks with examples.

Java and Smalltalk Syntax Compared - Table and notes compare some elements of syntax of Java 1.1 to Smalltalk-80.

Java Benchmark - By Rene Grothmann. Compares sieve algorithm in Java and C/C++. Text, tables, live comparison applet.

404 Java Versus C++ - Compares 2 languages; in text, code samples; references. Formats: HTML, PDF, PS.

Java vs. C# - Code for code comparison. All features on both languages are compared.
Meta Description: [ A solution to Object-Oriented Programming, a companion to your success, study notes for Java, A guidance to Java skill, Java certification ]

500 Java vs. C#, a Code-for-Code Comparison - Compares 2 languages: history, text, code samples. [ExtremeTech]
Meta Description: [ C#, Microsoft's response to being frozen out of Java, is the .NET take on Web application programming and development software for distributed computing and Web-based services software. ]

Java vs. JavaScript - Compares similarities, differences. By First Step Communications.
Meta Description: [ First Step Communications offers professional, high-quality Internet education and Web site creation services. ]

Just Say No to Microsoft: Programming Languages - Describes dozens of mostly living languages, grouped by family similarities. Most are alternatives to Microsoft.
Meta Description: [ There are better alternatives to Microsoft's Visual Basic and C# ]

Languages Versus D - Growing table compares D, C, C++, C#, Java, Delphi, Python, Perl, Eiffel, Sather, Smalltalk, Lisp/CLOS, Ada. Many clarifying comments below. [Wiki4D, Open Content]

404 Linea Engineering, Inc.: Getting The Biggest Bang For Your Buck - Compares VisualGen, Smalltalk, C++/Java, ANSI COBOL 85.

Linux Number Crunching: Benchmarking Languages - Compares the performance of the Intel Fortran, Intel C++, gcc, and IBM, Sun and Gnu Java compilers on an Intel Linux platform.

Lisp as an Alternative to Java - Brief text discussing comparisons of C, C++, Java, Lisp; very useful links.

Lisp as an Alternative to Java - Comparison starts from 1999 Prechelt study results, adds many insights; as text, a few tables. [Intelligence]

My Programming Language Crisis - Some points on language design by Keith Waclena.

Object-Oriented Languages in the Industry: A Comparison - Table-based comparison of 4 major OO languages: Eiffel, C++, Java, Smalltalk. Criteria chosen to suggest where Eiffel is better.
Meta Description: [ Home page for object technology, Eiffel, software reuse, components, O-O training and consulting, with extensive online documentation,tutorials, articles and manuals. ]

Objective-C: Comparisons with Other Languages - Compares Objective-C, SmallTalk-80, C++, Eiffel.

PLEAC: Programming Language Examples Alike Cookbook - Suite of common programming problems solved in Ada, C++, Erlang, Guile, Haskell, Java, Masd, merd, NASM, Objective Caml, Perl, Pliant, Python, Ruby, Tcl.
Meta Description: [ Homepage of the PLEAC Project. ]

Programmers: Otters with Rocks? - Discusses historical move from low level languages to higher level interpreted ones, productivity, future developments. Active feedback response. [ZDNet News]
Meta Description: [ Will ordinary users ever build their own software tools? ]

Programming Information from HB - Text descriptions compare C/C++, Java, Pascal, Basic, VeraStream; Oracle; HTML, XML; JavaScript, PHP.
Meta Description: [ Medical several information ]

Programming Language Benchmarks - Compares the same program in Ada, C, Forth, FORTRAN, Java, Lisp, Perl, R, Ruby. Goal: support decisions in language choice for making compute-intensive Web programs. Text, table, code samples.
Meta Description: [ A comparison of the perfomance of compiled or interpreted code, as generated by some popular tools from some popular programming languages (C, Ada, FORTRAN, Lisp, FORTH, Java, Perl, R, Ruby) ]

Programming Language Categories - Brief text compares 6 basic language types: general scripting, programmer scripting, application development, low-level, pure functional, complete core.

Programming Language Comparison - Table and text compares many features of some popular object-oriented languages: C++, C#, Eiffel, Java, Perl, Python, Ruby, Smalltalk, Visual Basic.
Meta Description: [ Comparison of several popular object-oriented programming languages ]

404 Programming Language Critiques - Annotated links to critiques (Older version, by original author)

404 Programming Language Critiques: Pascal, C, C++, and C-Linda - Text compares languages on many points; by Jim Basney.

Programming Languages mini-HOWTO - Brief comparison of major Linux programming languages C, C++, Fortran, Java, Lisp, Perl, PHP, Python, Tcl; by Risto S. Varanka.

Programming Languages Table - Table showing the approximate number of logical source statements (not physical lines of code) that roughly correlate with a single function point.

Python Compared to Other Languages - Many links to comparisons involving Python.

Qtime Collection, FTP Download, Gzipped - Display time as English sentence, coded in: AWK, C, ICI, Icon, JavaScript, Lite/mSQL, PHP3, Pike, Python, REBOL, Rexx, Ruby, SLang, Spanner. Tested on only Linux (all) and AmigaOS (C and Rexx versions).

Quantifying the Debate: Ada vs. C++ - Tables and text compare Ada 83/95, C, C++; mainly costs, reliability. By Donald J. Reifer. [CrossTalk]

Ray Tracer Language Comparison - Mini ray tracer benchmark written equivalently in C++, Java, SML, Objective Caml, Lisp, Scheme. Compares verbosity, performance; text, code samples, tables, image, graph. [Flying Frog Consultancy]
Meta Description: [ Comparison of equivalent ray tracers written in OCaml ]

Reasons for TOM - TOM attempts to address flaws in these languages: C++, Cecil, Common Lisp, Eiffel, Java, Objective-C, Smalltalk.

Ruby Versus Nine Object-Oriented Languages - Compares Ruby, Objective-C, Smalltalk-80, C++, Java, Python, CLOS, Perl5, PHP, Dylan.

Schizoid Classes: Of Class, Type, and Method - Compares Java and Smalltalk, in text and table. By Rodney Bates. [ACM Queue]
Meta Description: [ - Schizoid Classes: Of class, type, and method ]

Simple Programs in Various Different Programming Languages - Common algorithms and other sample code in the languages: Bash and Bourne shells, C/C++, Java, MATLAB/Octave, Perl, Python, Ruby, Scheme.

500 Sun's Comparison of Language Features - Table graphic, uses good-fair-poor metric, compares Java, Smalltalk, Tcl, Perl, Shells, C, C++.

Survey of Programming Languages Associated with the Web - General feature comparisons, explanations.

Syntax Across Languages - Operator names and syntax elements in various programming languages.

Tcl Advocacy - Table, text, links compare Tcl, Perl, Python, JavaScript, Visual Basic.

Ted Shieh's Programming Language Comparison - A comparison of the features of and demand for some of the major programming languages.
Meta Description: [ Free classifieds, free classified ads ]

The BNF Web Club Language - Browse, explore some programming language syntax rules, see relations between rules, understand them via BNF (Backus-Naur Form notation) and syntactic diagrams: SQL, PL/SQL, SQL2, IDL; Ada 95, Java, Modula-2; Lazy, Lisp, M5.

The C Family of Languages - Interview with Dennis Ritchie, Bjarne Stroustrup, James Gosling.

The Case against C - Five short essays compare C (and C++ by extension) to Fortran: Why C is Not a Good Numerical Language, Why C is Not a Good First Language, C's Poor Loop Constructs, C's Pointers and Optimisation, Optimisation through Directives.

The Computer Language Shootout Benchmarks - Performance measurements and source code for ~25 benchmark programs in ~25 languages; with side-by-side comparisons for any 2 programming languages, and an interactive weighted ranking for all the languages.
Meta Description: [ Compare programming language performance on a few dozen flawed benchmarks and contribute faster more elegant programs. ]

The Quine Page - Collection of self-reproducing programs: each outputs a copy of its own source code; about 60 languages.
Meta Description: [ Various examples of self-reproduction of progr ams ]

The ROT13 Page - ROT13 implemented in many programming languages.

The Zen of Python - Compares traits of many languages, without naming any; by Tim Peters.

Timing Trials, or, the Trials of Timing: Experiments with Scripting and User-Interface Languages - By Brian Kernighan, Christopher Van Wyk. Compares how fast C, Awk, Perl, Tcl, Java, Visual Basic, Limbo, Scheme, run a range of representative tasks. Text, tables, graphs, code samples.

TIOBE Programming Community Index: TPCI - Updated monthly. Shows language popularity via world-wide availability of skilled engineers, courses, 3rd party vendors. Calculated from search engines Google, MSN, Yahoo.

TMXxine Languages - Brief comparison Curl with High Level assembler, BCX, Dark Basic, Mono (C#/.Net implementation), Python, Squeak, XBasic/XBlite. Curl applet examples.
Meta Description: [ file share upload picture online journals web journal digital diaries ]

To VB or Not to VB - Links to many comparisons: Visual Basic, VB.Net; Delphi, C#.
Meta Description: [ Articles on Visual Basic, VB.Net and Delphi ]

TUNES Project: Programming Languages - Over 200 languages described, mostly original commentary, many deep insights, over 1,000 links. [Open Content]

University of Michigan's Language Guide - Each entry includes history, description, code examples, and references.

Water Comparisons - Two medium length documents compare object-oriented languages: Water with ConciseXML syntax, to JSP (JavaServer Pages) and Java; 1 brief list compares Water to PHP.

What I Hate About Your Programming Language - Text treats general aspects of language choices, then compares hatred of Perl, Python, Ruby, PHP, Java, C, C++, JavaScript, XSLT, SQL. With many forum comments. [ONLamp.com]
Meta Description: [ chromatic describes the idea of programming-language philosophies. ]

What Languages Fix - Compares many languages in brief text, describes each by the problem it fixes. [Paul Graham]

What's Wrong with Perl - Author explains what he considers wrong about Perl, presents Python as an alternative. Descriptions, code samples, links.
Meta Description: [ An article that attempts to explain what the author considers wrong about Perl, and presents a realistic alternative. ]

Why Pascal is Not My Favorite Programming Language - Brian Kernighan's comparison of Pascal and C

Why Tcl is Better than Perl - Says Tcl is simpler, more maintainable, has superior GUI interface; Perl is hard to maintain and embed, thread unsafe, complex to learn. No code samples, tables, graphs.