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The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) developed by ARPA of the United States Department of Defense was the world's first operational packet switching network, and the progenitor of the global Internet.
Packet switching, now the dominant basis for both data and voice communication worldwide, was a new and important concept in data communications. Previously, data communications was based on the idea of circuit switching, as in the old typical telephone circuit, where a dedicated circuit is tied up for the duration of the call and communication is only possible with the single party on the other end of the circuit.
With packet switching, a system could use one communication link to communicate with more than one machine by assembling data into packets. Not only could the link be shared (much as a single mail person can be used to post letters to different destinations), but each packet could be routed independently of other packets. This was a major advance.
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Series - Documents from Paul Baran from RAND Corporation, number of memoranda propsing a digital communications network for military us that could still function after sustaining heavy damage from an enemy attack.
Meta Description: [ Seminal publications and research on distributed communications - the seed of the Internet -- by Paul Baran. ]
ArpaNet History - The Untold History of ArpaNet.
ArpaNet Map - Part of An Atlas of Cyberspaces - An atlas of maps and graphic representations of the geographies of ArpaNet.
Meta Description: [ An atlas of maps and graphic representations of the geographies of the new electronic territories of the Internet, WWW and other emerging Cyberspaces. ]
ArpaNet Maps - Scanned maps of the network for twelve distinct periods from December 1969 to March 1977.
Meta Description: [ ? ]
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The ARPAnet - Brief, single page description of this aspect of Internet History.
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The Evolution of ArpaNet Email - Ian R. Hardy's thesis, published in 1996, examining the evolution of human communication on the ArpaNet.
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