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In mathematics and computing, an algorithm is a procedure (a finite set of well-defined instructions) for accomplishing some task which, given an initial state, will terminate in a defined end-state. The computational complexity and efficient implementation of the algorithm are important in computing, and this depends on suitable data structures.

Informally, the concept of an algorithm is often illustrated by the example of a recipe, although many algorithms are much more complex; algorithms often have steps that repeat (iterate) or require decisions (such as logic or comparison). In most higher level programs, algorithms act in complex patterns, each using smaller and smaller sub-methods which are built up to the program as a whole. In many programming languages, algorithms are implemented as functions or procedures.

The concept of an algorithm originated as a means of recording procedures for solving mathematical problems such as finding the common divisor of two numbers or multiplying two numbers. The concept was formalized in 1936 through Alan Turing's Turing machines and Alonzo Church's lambda calculus, which in turn formed the foundation of computer science.

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Bibliography on Genetic Algrorithms - Genetic algorithm citations starting with ICGA and FOGA. Part of the Computer Science Bibliography Collection at the Universitat Karlsruhe in Germany.
Meta Description: [ Bibliography on Genetic Algrorithms. This bibliography is a part of the Computer Science Bibliography Collection. ]

Cell Matrix Corporation - Publications describe an application of their computer architecture to genetic algorithms. Software includes an online circuit simulator.

Crystal Ball Pro - A global optimization and risk analysis software tool. Uses a unique combination of genetic algorithms and neural networks.
Meta Description: [ CBPro.com - C B Pro offers Internet Advertising and Marketing services to search for the best value and prices for business, products and services. Quality & Value at Cheap Prices ]

ENCORE - A compendium of 631 files on the art of evolutionary computation aimed at beginners in the field but useful as a reference to advanced programmers.

Evolutionary Design of Neural Architectures - Information, bibliography and resources on evolutionary synthesis of neuromorphic systems. Maintained by the Artificial Intelligence Research Group at Iowa State University.

Evolvica - A Java evolutionary computation framework. It includes a visual designer, source code editor and debugger and aims to provide a toolkit for easy implementation of all kinds of evolutionary algorithms.
Meta Description: [ Homepage for Evolvica ]

404 Financial Genetic Programming - Genetic programmed financial algorithms that use technical analysis indicators to create new stock investing tactics.
Meta Description: [ Tau Zweig is a page devoted to find new strategies to invest in the stock market using financial genetic programming and computer modeling. Genetic programmed financial algorithms that use technical analysis indicators to create new stock investing tactics. FINANCIAL STOCK MARKET GENETIC PROGR... ]

Franck Binard's Evolutionary Computing Examples - Examples of genetic programs in Perl and C++. Includes examples using the Google API to evolve strings as well as an ant evolver.

GA Playground - A general GA toolkit implemented in Java, for experimenting with genetic algorithms and handling optimization problems. Source code is available.
Meta Description: [ A general purpose GA toolkit implemented in Java, designed for experimenting with genetic algorithms and handling optimization problems of diverse kinds ]

GA-search - An advanced dedicated genetic algorithms search engine. The Spider indexes only GA related sites.

GA-Walk! - A Java software system for evolving walking techniques in artificial skeletons using genetic algorithms.
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GAlib - A C++ library of genetic algorithm components. The library includes tools for using genetic algorithms to do optimization in any C++ program using any representation and genetic operators.

500 GARAGe - Michigan State University Genetic Algorithms Research and Applications Group.

GECCO 2001 - Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference 2001, July 7-11: Holiday Inn in San Francisco, California.

Genetic Algorithm - Maze Solver - Has a Java applet that helps the reader visualize the inner workings of the genetic algorithm.

Genetic Algorithm Experiment - This Java applet demonstrates a continuous value genetic algorithm on a variety of problem spaces with a variety of reproduction methods.

404 Genetic Algorithms Archive - Archives of GA-List, the genetic algorithms mailing list. Hosted at the Navy Center for Applied Research in Artificial Intelligence.

404 Genetic Algorithms for Squeak - This GA framework in Squeak implements the operation of selection, mutation and crossing-over with visualization features.

Genetic and Evolutionary Algorithm Toolbox - GEATbx is a comprehensive implementation of evolutionary algorithms in Matlab. A broad range of operators is fully integrated into one environment.
Meta Description: [ The GEATbx provides global optimization capabilities in Matlab. In an easy to use way powerful genetic and evolutionary algorithms find solutions to your problems not suitable for traditional optimization approaches. ]

Genetic Daemon - An open source genetic engine server, capable to run any kind of genetic algorithm. It has TCP architecture, working with software clients and human interaction.
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Genetic Pattern Finder - Uses genetic algorithms to detect the best trading patterns and will adapt to any financial data. The trading signales generated are statistically validated and can be easily exported.
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Genetic Programming - Contains information on genetic algorithms and programming techniques. Sponsors a genetic programming contest in java.

Genetics-Based Machine Learning - Generalization, scheduling and performance evaluation from the Teacher Research Group.

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International Society for Adaptive Behavior - ISAB is an international scientific society devoted to education and furthering research on adaptive behavior in animals, animats, software agents, and robots.

Introduction to Genetic Algorithms - An introductory explanation of genetic algorithms available in HTML and PDF formats. The Genetic Algorithm Viewer Java applet shows the functioning of a genetic algorithm.
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Musical Composition with Genetic Algorithms - Graduate research project of Joy Schoenberger at the College of William and Mary. It attempts to use genetic algorithms for musical composition, with coherency through genotype.

Netadelica Genetic Algorithms - A brief experiment in coding a simple genetic algorithm 'bit counter' that compares different evolution parameters.
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NeuroDimension Inc: Genetic Algorithm Software - Use NeuroDimension's Genetic Server or Genetic Library products to embed genetic algorithms into your own VB/C++ application.
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Open BEAGLE - Open BEAGLE is an Evolutionary Computation (EC) framework entirely coded in C++. It provides a software environment to do any kind of EC.

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Orchestrate Plan - Developers of plan and schedule optimization software that utilizes genetic algorithms.
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PPSN VI - Sixth International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature (2000), September 16-20: Paris, France.
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Project Jeep - Jeep is a modular, abstract and distributed evolutionary programming core written in Java (open source), allowing to grow autonomous agents as well a gene pool (as in genetic algorithms).
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rEvolutionaryEngineering - Researches and develops applications using evolutionary algorithms and genetic algorithms for finance and engineering.
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404 SPHINcsX - Zeroth-Order Shape Optimization Utilizing a Learning Classifier System Web-based textbook.
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404 The Biological Concept of Neoteny in Evolutionary Colour Segmentation - Genetic Algorithm to simulate neoteny, the retention by an organism of juvenile or even larval traits into later life.

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Hellenic Complex Systems Laboratory - An independent, nonprofit research laboratory involved in the transdisciplinary study of complex systems. Invented the GA-based design of statistical quality control.
Meta Description: [ The Hellenic Complex Systems Laboratory (HCSL) is an independent, private, non-for-profit research laboratory, devoted to the transdisciplinary study of the complex systems. Our research has been focused on the optimization of non-linear multiparameter processes, on the study of the process of th... ]

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